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2010年10月28日 星期四

Monthly Exam (第二次段考)

W8---W14:
Far East English Reader
1. Unit 3 Wearing Uniforms
2. Unit 6 Quebec’s Winter Carnival

Magazine
Live 互動英語  No. 115

2010年10月17日 星期日

Lesson 6 Quebec’s Winter Carnival (魁北克冬季嘉年華會)

課文重點分析
1. Winters in the city of Quebec, Canada, are very cold. (見第 1 行)
= Winters in Quebec City, Canada, are very cold.
(1) 魁北克的名字起源於早期生活在當地的原住民,他們稱此地為 Kebec,意思是指「河流狹窄的地方」,因為魁北克市就坐落於聖羅倫斯河的北岸,市區又被聖羅倫斯河切割為the Upper Town 和the Lower Town。
(2) 在英文中,地方副詞的書寫順序為由小至大,與中文相反。
例:in Paris, France 在法國巴黎
(3) 當地冬天的氣候相當嚴寒,平均冬天溫度約在攝氏十度以下,最冷甚至會低於攝氏三十度以下。

2. For the people of Quebec, it’s the perfect time to celebrate. ... it’s the largest winter festival in the world. (見第 4 行)

(1) 魁北克冬季嘉年華源起:最早的魁北克冬季嘉年華,大概起源於 1894 年,當時的動機,只是一個單純的魁北克市居民的慶典,讓居民在寒冷的冬天可以活動,當時尚未有特定的活動項目。然而當地的居民也漸漸發現,舉辦冬季嘉年華為他們帶來空前的商機,於是大約從 1955 年開始,當地的政府和商人合作,舉辦一年比一年盛大的魁北克冬季嘉年華,這項活動成為魁北克市第三大產業,活動的規模被公認為全世界最大的冬季嘉年華會,並且是全世界第三大嘉年華會,僅次於巴西里約熱內盧和美國紐奧良的嘉年華會。

(2) it’s ... time to + V 「該是做……的時間到了」
例:It’s time to go.  該離開的時間到了。
    It’s time to eat lunch. 該吃午餐的時間到了。

3. It lasts for three weeks. (見第 7 行)

(1) 魁北克冬季嘉年華時間:魁北克市冬季嘉年華在魁北克市冬天最冷的時候舉行,大約是在每年1月的最後一個星期五開始,在2月中旬的星期日結束,每天都有不同的節目,而最主要的活動,都在嘉年華期間的三個週末和星期日舉行,以吸引最多的遊客。
(2) last 為不及物動詞,經常和for 連用,表示「持續」或「維持」。
    last for + 一段時間
    例:The concert lasted for two hours. 這場演奏會持續兩小時。

4. Outside the city, you can go skiing or skating, or you can try to climb a wall of ice. (見第15行)
go + V-ing 「從事某一項戶外運動」,這個句型也經常用 go + N + V-ing 的用法。更多的例子如下:

文法/句型
go + V-ing
go cycling 去騎腳踏車
go hiking 去健行
go shopping 去購物
go skiing 去滑雪
go surfing 去衝浪
go skating 去溜冰

go + N + V-ing
go mountain climbing 去爬山
go window shopping 去逛街,瀏覽櫥窗
go scuba diving 去潛水
go skydiving 去跳傘
go roller skating 溜輪鞋
go wind surfing 去玩風浪板
go water skiing 去滑水

5. The Ice Hotel opens for business in January. It stays open for about three months. (見第20行)
(1) open 當動詞是指「開始」。open for business「開始營業」。
例:Most schools in Taiwan open in September. 台灣多數的學校在九月開學。
       This supermarket opens for business in the early morning. 這家超市一早就開始營業。
(2) open 當形容詞是指「(商店)開著的」。
例:The store is open for business now. 這家店現正營業中。

6. Their drinks came in glasses made of ice.(見第29行)
(1) come 意思是「(商品或貨物以某種尺寸或包裝)販售或存裝」,這邊是指飲料以冰塊做成的杯子裝著端來。
例:My coffee comes in a paper cup. 我的咖啡用紙杯裝著端來。
(2) 本句原是Their drinks came in glasses that were made of ice. 省略that were。

7. The rooms are only about 25° F (-5 ° C), so the hotel gives each guest a warm sleeping bag.(見第32行)
(1) Fahrenheit adj. 華氏的【縮】F
25℉(華氏25度)的唸法:twenty-five degrees Fahrenheit
(2) Celsius adj. 攝氏的 (= Centigrade)【縮】C
-5℃(攝氏零下5度)的唸法:minus five degrees Celsius/Centigrade
(3) a sleeping bag(睡袋),動名詞和名詞合用,形成複合字,當名詞用。
其它類似的用法有:
a walking stick 手杖
a sewing machine 縫紉機
a writing pad 便條紙
a starting point 起點
a sleeping car 火車的臥鋪
a dining room 餐廳
drinking water 飲用水

(1) 魁北克市冬季嘉年華會歷史

起源:早期魁北克市為法國殖民地,人們習慣在 Lent 之前吃喝玩樂一番。(Lent 稱為四旬齋,是指從Ash Wednesday 到Easter Eve 這40 天,這段期間會絕食或懺悔,為的是紀念耶穌在荒郊野外絕食。)

1894 年:第一個魁北克市冬季嘉年華會是在1894 年,之後年年舉行,中間只因為兩次世界大戰和 1929 年的經濟危機而曾經暫停。

1954 年:為振興這個城市的經濟發展,先由一群生意人重新發起嘉年華會。此時,Bonhomme 雪人也誕生,並同時被選為活動的代言人。

1955 年:官方接手舉辦冬季嘉年華會。同時這個為期 17 天的活動也變成為魁北克市的代表,並使這座城市成為旅遊和商業的重鎮。

此後:魁北克市每年為期 17 天的冬季嘉年華,於每年 1 月的最後一個星期五揭開序幕,在 2 月中旬的星期日落幕,每天都有不同的節目,而主要的活動、競賽和夜間遊行,都在活動期間的 3 個週末和星期日舉行。

(2) 雪地活動介紹:

Snow Sculpture (雪雕展覽):這項活動是遊客的最愛,每年都有加拿大各地的隊伍,以及來自世界許多國家的隊伍參展,會場通常位於喬治六世大道(Avenue George VI)兩邊。不同形式的冰雕,為魁北克市增添很多不同的北國的氣氛。

Canoe Race(獨木舟比賽):橫渡聖羅倫斯河(St. Lawrence River),從魁北克市划至對岸的李維斯(Levis),是冬季嘉年華相當吸引人的一項活動,是為了貼近當地原住民以前的生活方式而辦的活動,另一方面,更是要考驗選手的勇氣。

Snow Bath(雪浴):第三個週末在冰雕皇宮前所舉辦,這項活動具有娛樂性,身上只穿泳衣的參賽者,在雪堆裡打滾,或者拿雪往身上塗抹,這項活動往往引來現場觀眾哈哈大笑。

Dogsled Race(狗拉雪橇):這項活動是孩童的最愛,通常也是魁北克市活動的第一高潮,一輛輛狗拉雪橇疾駛在厚厚的雪道上,往往能引起孩童最大的注意與歡呼加油。

Parade (花車遊行): 通常會舉辦兩次,遊行的地點是魁北克市西北方的查爾斯堡(Charlesbourg)和魁北克市區。

Bonhomme(微笑雪人):微笑雪人一定頭戴紅帽,腰纏紅、綠、白三種顏色的腰巾,他是這場冬季嘉年華的親善大使,同時是活動期間統治魁北克市的執政官。每年1月初,魁北克市市長會將市鑰交出來,交給Bonhomme來掌管,直到冬季嘉年華結束!

Lesson 3 Wearing Uniforms (穿著制服)

課文重點分析

1. So do most sports teams.(見第 2 行)
(1)”so”的意思是「也」,用於倒裝句。在此指「大部分的運動隊伍也一樣(要穿制服)」。
原句是:Most sports teams wear uniforms, too.
(2) most和most of的差別:
A. most後面直接加名詞 例:Most women don’t smoke.
B. 若為代名詞或是「冠詞/定冠詞/所有格」+名詞,則前面用most of。
例:Most of the girls in my class live in Taipei. 用法類似的有some、each、one、none等。

2. But have you ever thought why it is necessary for people to wear uniforms?(見第 3 行)
(1) 句首的”But”表示語氣的轉折。
(2) 由”Why”引導的間接問句”Why it is necessary for people to wear uniforms”當做主要子句”have you ever thought ...?”的受詞。注意間接問句的主詞與動詞,要恢復成直述句的位置,也就是主詞在動詞前,與直接問句的位置不同。

3. It is easy to understand why soldiers and people on sports teams need to wear uniforms: ....(見第 6 行)
(1) 這裡的”it”是虛主詞,代替之後真主詞的不定詞片語。 例:It is convenient to shop online.   網路購物很方便。
(2) 由”why”引導的間接問句”why soldiers and people on sports teams need to wear uniforms”當做動詞”understand”的受詞。

4. ...: to make it clear which side or team each person is on.(見第7行)
(1) 這裡的”it”是虛受詞,代替之後真受詞的子句”which side or team each person is on”。
原句應是:to make which side or team each person is on clear
例:Andy found it hard to communicate with his girlfriend. 安迪覺得和他的女朋友溝通有困難。 
(2) “make”可接「形容詞」(原級、比較級或最高級皆可),做為受詞補語。課文表示,「制服」可讓「每人所屬的隊伍」這件事情清楚。即”make + O + adj.”
(3) “on the team”表示「在隊伍內」,注意介系詞”on”的用法。

5. ..., wearing a uniform helps the public identify them.(見第 11 行)
(1) “wearing a uniform”是動名詞片語,做為本句的單數主詞,因此主要動詞”help”,需加字尾”s”。
例:Surfing the Internet six straight hours makes Jeff tired. 連續上網六個小時,讓傑夫感到疲倦。 (makes是單數動詞)
(2) S + help + O + (to) + V Eating right and exercising regularly help me stay healthy. 正確地飲食及規律地運動有助於我保持健康。

6. There is also the feeling that people will trust them more if they are wearing a uniform.(見第 12 行)
此句的”that people will trust them more if they are wearing a uniform”做為”the feeling”的同位語,說明感覺的內容為何。

7. ... when they wear the same clothes as everyone else at their school.(見第18行)
(1)
文法/句型
When S1 + V1, S2 + V2 .... = S2 + V2 when S1 + V1 ....
When Elaine feels uncomfortable, she always goes to the doctor.
當依蓮感覺身體不舒服時,她都會去看醫生。
David likes to keep the radio on when he studies.
大衛喜歡在念書時開著收音機。

(2)
else當形容詞用,常放在不定代名詞或者疑問代名詞之後。
例:Do you need anything else to drink?   您還需要點任何其他飲料來喝嗎?
 else 當副詞用,常放在anywhere、 nowhere、somewhere或者其他疑問副詞之後。
以下是常見的 else 與其它單字的組合: something else/anything else/nothing else somebody else/anybody else/nobody else someone else/anyone else/no one else who else/what else

8. Supporters of school uniforms, however, say that wearing them is a good idea....(見第22行)
however 是承接詞,用來連接子句,做語氣的轉換,強調本句和上一段末句之間,語氣已由反對者觀點,轉而贊成穿制服的觀點。需注意標點符號。
請看以下的三個句子的呈現:
Richard is rich; however, he is not happy.
Richard is rich; he, however, is not happy.(本句課文即以此方式呈現)
Richard is rich; he is not happy, however.
理查很有錢;然而,他並不快樂。

9. ... because it saves students the trouble of having to decide what to wear to school each day.(見第25行)
(1)
文法/句型
Because S + V, ... = ... because S + V ...
= ..., so S + V ...
Because it rained last night, the ground is wet now.
因為昨晚下過雨,現在地面是溼的。
Cathy got good grades on the test because she studied hard.
凱西在測驗中得到了好成績,因為她非常用功。

(2) “what to wear”為名詞片語,是由名詞子句”what they want to/have to/need to wear to school”簡化而來。
例:I don’t know what to say.   
= I don’t know what I should say.   
我不知道該說些什麼。

10. It also stops students from competing with one another over what clothes they wear each day.(見第28行)
(1) “stop + O + from + V-ing”譯為「阻撓某人做某事」。
其他可表達類似意義的片語還有 “prevent ... from ...”,  "keep ... from ...” 以及”discourage ... from ...”。
例:Nobody can stop Gary from wanting a life of adventure.   
沒有人能阻止蓋瑞想要過著一種冒險的生活。
(2) 由 “wh-“疑問詞引導的名詞子句”what clothes they wear each day”做為介系詞over的受詞
11. This competition can make some students feel left out ....(見第 29 行)
(1) “make”可接「原形動詞」,表示讓該受詞做「原形動詞」的動作。
例:Mrs. Jones made her husband clean up the mess in the kitchen.   
瓊斯太太讓她的先生清理廚房的雜亂物。
(2) “feel”是連綴動詞,後面加形容詞,做為主詞補語。
例:I don’t feel comfortable. Can I go home now?   
我覺得不舒服。我可以現在就回家嗎?

12. Whatever your opinion about school uniforms is, it looks like they are here to stay.(見第 42 行)
= No matter what your opinion about school uniforms is, it looks like they are here to stay.
(1) 疑問詞how、what、who、when、where、which等字後面接一個ever,形成however、whatever、whoever、whenever、wherever、whichever等詞,與no matter和how、what、who、when、where、which合用後形成的連接詞片語,用法相似。

(2)可以放在句首,也可以放在句中,意思是「不論……」。
例:Whatever your attitude toward the matter is, it will not change things.
= No matter what your attitude toward the matter is, it will not change things. 
不管你對這件事的態度如何,都無法改變事情。

(3) be here to stay (= have come to stay) (習慣、流行等)被普遍接受,固定下來,存在下去
例:It seems like Windows is here to stay.   
似乎視窗系統會一直存在著。

2010年10月5日 星期二

Debut--Your First Show

1. 成績單 (有誤者需告知)
2. Your Show Time


2010年9月3日 星期五

如何登入LiveABC



學習資源

1. Do grouping (分8組): check vocabulary (一組一課,上課前抄給全班;包括音標及意思)
2. Well understand Phonics or KK: dictation (熟悉發音,聽寫用)
3. Do a LiveABC GEPT exercise:
route (路境): 士商網頁-->學習資源-->校內學習資源-->LiveABC英檢網
code(帳號): your register number
password(密碼): your register number

4. Try to acquire as many vocabulary words as you can (擴充你的字彙量):
source 1: Spelling Bee (字彙擂台賽)
Source 2: GEPT official website
Source 3: 遠東高中職教學網
Source 4: 三民高中職教學網
Source 5: 龍騰高中職教學網

5. Novel reading (IWiLL高中職小說網)

2010年9月2日 星期四

B3L2 Anita Roddick安妮塔.羅第克

單元教學目標
1. 學會本課的句型S + V + O + OC ,並能運用在日常生活中。
2. 學習如何辨認各種類型的保養品與化妝品。
3. 學習創業的精神與實例。

課文翻譯與重點分析
1. She didn’t follow the crowd.(見第 1 行)
(1) crowd 在這裡當名詞用,意思是「群眾,多數人」。
例:A crowd of people gathered to see the newly elected President.    
       一群人聚集爭看新選出來的總統。
(2) crowd也可以當動詞,意思是「擠進;圍著」。
例:The audience crowded around the speaker.   
        聽眾圍繞著演講者。

2. When she was in high school, she wanted to wear makeup.(見第 2 行)
(1) wear makeup 指「化妝」,也可說put on makeup/ cosmetics。
(2) 其他意思
     wear a shirt穿襯衫
    wear glasses/a ring戴眼鏡/戒指
    wear a confident smile 面帶自信的笑容
    wear a beard 蓄鬍鬚

3. She used mayonnaise to make her hair shine. (見第 4 行)
(1) make + O + V ... 使……(接動詞)
例:Grimm made the toy robot run.
       格林讓玩具機器人跑步。

4. Anita made cosmetics from natural things.(見第 5 行)
當製作好的成品已經失去原來材料的形狀或特質時,用 make from;成品仍保有原來的形狀或特質實用 make of。
例:Both grape juice and wine are made from grapes.   葡萄汁和葡萄酒都是以葡萄製成的。          The sweater is made of wool, and it’s very warm.   那件毛衣是羊毛製的,非常保暖。

5. Only this time it made her rich!(見第 7 行)
(1) make + O + adj. 使……(接形容詞)
例:Kim’s smile made the audience relaxed.
       凱姆的笑容讓觀眾很放鬆。
       The good business made the boss rich.
       生意興隆讓這老闆致富。

6. Roddick was born Anita Perella in 1942 in Little-hampton, England.(見第 8 行)
句型be born + adj. 的形容詞作為補語用,指出生時的狀況,作「生而……」解釋。
例:He was born rich/blind.   他生來即富/他天生就失明。   
        Everyone is born equal.   人人生而平等。

7. Anita Roddick needed money while he was away. (見第 14 行)
while 為「正當……的時候」,連接兩個同時進行的動作,是一個附屬連接詞。有while的句子可以用過去簡單式,亦可以用過去進行式。
例:While she left, her grandmother was very sad.   在她遠離時,她祖父非常傷心。   
       The telephone rang while the man was taking a bath.   在這名男子洗澡時,電話鈴聲響了。

8. The store smelled and the roof leaked.(見第 17 行)
(1) S + Vi
例:The bus stopped. 這輛公車停了下來。
        The little girl smiled. 小女孩笑了。

9. So she painted the walls green. (見第 19 行)
(1) S + V + O + OC (adj.)
例:The man found his car gone when he reached home.
        當這名男子抵家時發現他的車子不見了。
        The sunlight made the room hot.
       陽光讓這房間變熱。

10. She called it The Body Shop.(見第 21 行)
(1) S + V + O + OC(N)
例:They always call him Uncle Joe.
        他們總是稱呼他喬叔。
       Everybody considers his business a success.
       每個人都認為他的事業很成功。

11. She also poured strawberry oil in front of her shop so people would follow the smell into her store. (見第 24 行)
so 在這個句子中有 so that 的意思,而 that 省略。意思是「以便吸引人們跟著味道走進她的店裡。」

本課背景及參考資料
Anita的父母經營餐廳,使她從小就在母親的身教下,領悟到所謂的「交易」,要「獨樹一幟」,更要有創造力,也造就了Anita不斷向公權力挑戰的特質,無論是學校、教會,甚至國際機構。Anita喜歡教書更熱愛旅遊,因此,執教一段時間後,就開啟了兩年的旅遊歷程;熱愛旅遊的她相信,每段旅程都會開啟創新的思維。一直至今,Anita仍熱愛旅行,她相信,每段旅程,或許面對真理、或許面對商務,都是新的開啟。 Anita曾有機會到以色列的集體農場進行教育論文的研究,這段異地進行研究的期間,開啟了Anita對「社區」的認識及學習,也讓Anita體認到愛、勞動、社區、服務與大地可以如此的緊密結合在一起。童年的餐廳、年輕時的遊歷以及集體學習的經驗,成就了Anita獨一無二的精神!

2010年8月27日 星期五

遠東英文_B3L1: The Venus Flytrap (維納斯捕蠅草)

單元教學目標

1. 認識一種肉食性植物︰維納斯捕蠅草,並認識植物各部分的英文名稱。
2. 學會欣賞描述性(descriptive)的文章。
3. 學會並靈活運用本課單字、片語及句型。
4. 訓練聽懂花店購物的對話。

課文翻譯與重點分析

1. Many plants make their food from water and sunlight, but some plants are carnivorous, which means that they eat meat.(見第1行)

(1) make 物 from 原料「用……製造……」
例:Carnivorous plants make their food from small insects or even small animals.
        Wine is made from grapes.

【比較】be made of/from 的差別:
通常成品仍保有原料的形狀、性質時,用be made of;而be made from用於成品已失去原料的形狀、性質。 例:This necklace is very expensive because it is made of pure gold.

(2) S1 + V1 ..., but S2 + V2 .... ……,但是……  (but 在此連接兩子句)
Many plants make their food from water and sunlight, but carnivorous plants eat meat.

(3) 關係代名詞which在此代替前面的句子(some plants are carnivorous)帶出一形容詞子句。
例:Some animals are herbivorous, which means that they eat plants.
       有些動物是草食性的,也就是說牠們吃植物。

2. Although most of these carnivorous plants do not live only on meat, they do get some of their food from insects.(見第3行)

(1) Although S1 + V1 ..., S2 + V2 .... (although為連接詞,不可與but同時存在)
  Although he is not tall, he is a giant in my mind.……………………………………………(○)
     Although he is not tall, but he is a giant in my mind………………………………………(X)

(2) most/some和most of/some of的差別:
most/some +名詞或本身就當代名詞
most/some of  the (所有格) + 名詞
例:Most women don’t smoke. 大多數女生不吸煙。
      Some of the boys in my class live in Taipei County. 我們班上有些男生住在台北縣。

(3) 助動詞do可強調其後之動詞的真實性,可譯為「真的……」,「的確……」。
例:I do love you.  我真的愛你。

3. When something like a small insect lands on a leaf, the sides of the leaf come together like two hands closing, and the insect is trapped between the spines.(見第11行)

(1)  like two hands closing「就像雙手密闔」,介系詞l ike + N + 分詞。
例:Her smile cheers me up like a flower blooming. 她的微笑讓我振奮起來,就像花朵盛開。

此句結構則為「When + 副詞子句 + 主要子句1 + and + 主要子句2」,and在這裡作用為連接兩個主要子句。

4. Insects land on the Venus flytrap because they can smell something sweet and they think there is food in the flower.(見第 15 行)

(1)  Because S1 + V1 ..., S2 + V2 ....  = S2 + V2 ... because S1 + V1 ....
因為……,(所以)……。

例:Because he cared about me a lot, I fell in love with him.………………………………………(○)
  He cared about me a lot, so I fell in love with him.……………………………………………(○)

(2) 形容詞多放在名詞前面,但something、nothing、everything、anything、someone等形容詞放在其後。例:Is there anything wrong? 有什麼不對嗎?

(3) and在此句的作用為連接because之後兩個子句(原因),結構為「(主要)子句 + 連接詞 +(副詞)子句1 + and +(副詞)子句2」。

5. On the leaf there are little hairs near the spines.(見第 17 行)
原句為There are little hairs near the spines on the leaf.。

6. If an insect touches one of these hairs, nothing happens, but if an insect touches two or three of them, the leaves close very quickly, and the insect is trapped by the spines.(見第 17 行)
(1) 對等連接詞but連接兩個用if帶出的假設句。
(2) two or three of them的them指前文之hairs,善用代名詞可使上下文更連貫(coherent)。

7. People have seen the leaves close in less than half a second.(見第 20 行)
「感官動詞see + 受詞 +(表受詞狀態的)動詞」的使用依後方動詞的主被動可分為兩類:
(1) 主動時:see + O + 原形V → 從頭到尾看完
                     see + O + V-ing → 看到動作進行


【比較】O + be seen +(表受詞狀態的)
  O + be seen + to V → 從頭到尾看完
  O + be seen + V-ing → 看到動作進行

8.  The name “Venus flytrap” is not really a good name for this plant because it does not catch flies.(見第 28 行)

be a good name for ... 「名符其實」
例:Formosa was a good name for Taiwan. 台灣曾經是名符其實的美麗島「福爾摩沙」。

本課背景及參考資料

 全世界都有肉食性植物,但維納斯捕蠅草只生長在特定的沼澤區域:南北卡羅萊納州。由於對這些植物的迷戀,許多人採集了為數眾多的捕蠅草,危及了野生捕蠅草。現在大部分的維納斯捕蠅草都是溫室栽培出來的。

  維納斯捕蠅草最令人稱奇的是它完美巧妙的「陷阱」機制。它的花高高地長在瘦長的莖的頂端,並且散發出一種香甜的味道吸引昆蟲。葉子圍在花的四周,大大地張開,外圍的兩邊長有尖銳的刺,葉子上長有短而硬的毛,這些毛即是一種「觸發器」:如果昆蟲觸碰到兩三根毛,葉子就會很快地闔起來,葉片兩旁的刺會緊緊相扣,那隻蟲就會卡在尖刺當中。葉子就這樣緊緊密闔好幾分鐘,形成密封的陷阱讓消化液在裡面作用,就像胃分泌胃液消化食物一樣。

        但維納斯捕蠅草並非來者不拒、照單全收。若抓到的蟲子太小,它會打開葉子幾秒鐘,好讓小蟲逃脫,因為小蟲並不能提供足夠的食物。如果抓到的不是食物,而是石頭或堅果,陷阱會再打開,把不能吃的東西吐掉。如果昆蟲太大無法吞食,就會黏掛在葉子外面,昆蟲上面原來有的細菌就會繁殖,最後葉子會變黑、腐爛、掉落。

  許多科學家對維納斯捕蠅草獨特的捕食機制很感興趣,並希望藉由研究捕蠅草的結構、以及神經傳達系統,能發明更有效率的獵食工具。

2010年6月6日 星期日

B2L8 Channel Tunnel (英倫海底隧道)

課文分析


1. For many years, England and France wanted to link their two countries with a train tunnel under the English Channel.(見第1行)
(1) for+時間或距離,表示一段時間或距離。
例:She waited for years before her husband came back. 她等待多年才等到丈夫歸來。
 We drove for miles to find a place to stay overnight.我們開了好幾哩路,找尋一個可以過夜的地方。

(2) under prep. 在……下面

under和below的比較:
a. 一般(位置)在……以下時:below和under皆可
In Taiwan, many parks are located by a river, below/under a bridge.
在台灣,很多公園都位在河邊,橋的底下。

b. 水平位置低於……時:below
Geographically speaking, Mexico is located below the United States.
以地理位置來說,墨西哥在美國下面。

c. 完全覆蓋在……的下面時:under
Children put red envelopes under their pillows on Chinese New Year’s eve.
孩子們在除夕夜那晚將紅包壓在枕頭底下。

2. The tunnel would have to be 50 kilometers long----one of the longest in the world. (見第4行)
50 kilometers long為一形容詞片語做主詞補語用,修飾the tunnel。

數字+度量衡單位+長寬高形容詞
例:The board is three meters long, and two meters wide. 這個板子三公尺長,兩公尺寬。
This borer can dig 75 meters deep in a day. 這台鑽孔機一天可以挖七十五公尺深。

3. But more importantly, it would have to be safe.(見第5行)
副詞的比較級大多數都是用more,而不加er。

例:After getting married, he lived more happily than before.
 結了婚之後,他過得比從前快樂。
除非副詞和形容詞同形,則比較級加er,常見的有:early, fast, late, hard, long, high等。

4. Since much of the tunnel would be underwater, an accident inside the tunnel could be a disaster. (見第7行)
(1) Since + S1 + V1 ..., S2 + V2 .... 既然/因為……
Since he is eighteen, he has the right to vote. 既然他十八歲了,他就有投票權。
The distance between England and France becomes shorter since there is Channel Tunnel.
因為有了英倫海底隧道,英法兩國間的距離就縮短了。

since為一連接詞,連接兩個有因果關係的子句。
since另外常用的意思/用法尚有:
(a) conj. 自從……
例:Since George met Mary for the first time, he has fallen in love with her. 自從喬治第一次遇見瑪麗,他就愛上她。

(b) prep. 自從……
例:I have been living in Keelung since last year. 從去年開始,我就一直住在基隆。

(2) much指稱一樣事物之中的大部分
例:Much of the railroad station was flooded. 火車站大部份都淹水了。
        Books occupy much of my desk.  書佔據了我桌子的一大部份。

(3) can在這裡與「能力」無關,是在表達一種「可能性」及典型的狀況。
例:Eating disorders can cause various illnesses.
        飲食失調可能會造成各種疾病的產生。
        Walking around a graveyard at night can be very frightening.
        晚上去逛墓園可是會非常恐怖的。

5. In between these two tunnels is a smaller tunnel, which is used by railroad workers. (見第11行)
(1) 原為A smaller tunnel is in between these two tunnels .... 為了跟文中上一句的主語Two of the tunnels are for trains語氣連貫,故將其所在之介系詞片語In between these two tunnels移前,並作倒裝(主詞a smaller tunnel與動詞is顛倒)。

介系詞片語/副詞片語 + V + S
In between England and France is the English Channel.
介於英法兩國之間的是英倫海峽。
Across the English Channel goes the Channel Tunnel.
英倫海底隧道橫跨英倫海峽。

(2) which 帶出一形容詞子句,補充敘述先行詞a smaller tunnel。此為補述用法(continuative) ,先行詞後先逗號再帶出形容詞子句,其關係代名詞=連接詞+代名詞,此句即In between these two tunnels is a smaller tunnel, and it is used by railroad workers.

例:He loved her, who did not love him. = He loved her, but she did not love him.
       他愛她但她並不愛他。

6. This smaller tunnel can also be used to get people out if there is an accident. (見第12行)
(1) 比較非正式的用法 (informal use) 裡,get 可用以表示改變受詞的位置,意指「讓……,把……」。

例:The residents are busy getting their stuffs out.  居民們忙著清出東西。
        Go get your hat on.  去把帽子戴上。

(2) if在這裡是普通時態的用法,跟假設語氣無關。
例:Do you mind if I open the window?
       要是我打開窗戶的話,你會介意嗎?
       If you were at home, why didn’t you answer the door?
       你如果在家的話,為什麼不應門?

5. The Channel Tunnel was built by two teams of workers digging from both sides of the Channel. (見第14行)

分詞片語digging from both sides of the Channel修飾名詞workers。此分詞片語亦可視為由形容詞子句who dug from both sides of the Channel轉化而來(去掉關係代名詞,並且將主動形式的動詞變為現在分詞)。即:

The Channel Tunnel was built by two teams of workers who dug from both sides of the Channel.
→ The Channel Tunnel was built by two teams of workers digging from both sides of the Channel.

N + V-ing
They built a bridge, linking the two towns.  他們蓋了一座橋連接兩個鄉鎮。
That man carrying the child away from the burning building should be honored as a hero.
那個將小孩帶出火場的男人應該被尊為英雄。

6. They used huge machines, called “borers,” which could dig 75 meters a day. (見第20行)

(1) 分詞片語called “borers” 修飾名詞machines。此分詞片語亦可視為由形容詞子句which are called “borers”轉化而來(去掉關係代名詞,並且將被動形式的動詞變為過去分詞)。即:

They used huge machines, which are called “borers,” ....
→ They used huge machines, called “borers,” ....

N + p.p.
England and France are separated by a strait of water, called “English Channel.”
英法兩國被一叫做「英倫海峽」的水道分隔。
England and France are linked by a tunnel, called “Channel Tunnel.
英法兩國由一叫做「英倫海底隧道」的隧道連接在一起。
The Channel Tunnel, built by more than 10,000 people, is one of the longest tunnels in the world.
英倫海底隧道,由超過一萬人所建造,是世界上最長的隧道之一。

(2) 形容詞子句which could dig 75 meters a day修飾名詞borers。

7. The amount of rock and dirt removed by these machines increased the size of Britain by 36 hectares! (見第21行)

(1) 分詞片語removed by these machines修飾名詞rock and dirt。此分詞片語亦可視為由形容詞子句which was removed by these machines轉化而來。
即:
The amount of rock and dirt which was removed by these machines increased ....
→ The amount of rock and dirt removed by these machines increased ....

(2) by 36 hectares 的介系詞by可表示「至於……程度」。
例:The large amount of rock increased the weight of the truck by 1,000 pounds.
       大量的岩石讓卡車的重量增加了一千磅。
        John is taller than Mary by 20 centimeters. 約翰比瑪麗高二十公分。

8. By the time the Channel Tunnel opened in 1994, almost 13,000 people had worked on the project. (見第24行)

by the time帶出一時間副詞子句,意指「在……之前;不晚於……」,by the time子句裡的動詞常用簡單過去式,而主要子句裡的動詞發生時間較早,故用過去完成式。

By the time S + 簡單過去式V ..., S + 過去完成式V ....
在……之前就已經……

By the time the project of Channel Tunnel was carried out, people had wished for a train tunnel linking England and France for two centuries.
在英倫海底隧道計劃案開始進行之前,兩個世紀以來人們一直希望有一條火車通行的隧道可以連接英法兩國。

By the time he offered to help, I had finished the job.
在他自願幫忙之前,我就已經做完了。

I had lived in Taipei for twenty years by the time I moved to Keelung.
在我搬到基隆之前我在台北住了二十年。

(1) by亦可直接加時間片語
例:By 1997, the people had wished for the Channel Tunnel for two centuries.
到一九九七年以前,人們期待英倫海底隧道已兩個世紀。

By tomorrow morning, we will have worked for two days without any rest.
到明天早上以前,我們就已經工作兩天都沒有休息。

(2) 此句型旨在比較時間的先後,by the time子句裡的動詞亦可用簡單現在式,而主要子句裡尚未發生或未完成的動詞,用未來式或未來完成式。

例:By the time the typhoon comes, we will get everything prepared.
       颱風來之前我們會把每樣東西準備好。
        By the time it rains, we will have been thirsty to death.
       下雨之前我們就已經渴死了。
9. Today, trains travel through the tunnel at 160 kilometers an hour, and it’s possible to get from one end to the other in just twenty minutes! (見第25行)

(1) travel意指「行進;移動」
例:Two of the tunnels are for trains to travel. 有兩條隧道是給火車行進的。
       Bad news travels fast. (俗諺:)壞事傳千里。

(2) 即at the speed of 160 kilometers per hour;at +速度,例:at full speed(以全速)

(3) 即get from one end of the tunnel to the other end of the tunnel 亦可作travel through the tunnel

(4) in +時間片語,意指「在……之前;不超過……」。
例:I’ll arrive in one hour.  我會在一個小時之內到達。

B2L6 Toon Time (卡通時間 )

課文解析










1. Animated movies are often big hits. (見第1行)
 
分詞作形容詞修飾名詞時,可置於名詞的前面或後面,通常若是只有分詞這個單一的字作形容詞用時,置於名詞的前面,此為前位修飾;而若是從形容詞子句簡化而來的分詞片語,則通常置於名詞之後,此則為後位修飾。
例:
Don’t wake that sleeping baby.(單一個現在分詞的字,前位修飾) 不要把睡著的嬰孩弄醒。
I threw away the broken glass.(單一個過去分詞的字,前位修飾) 我把破掉的玻璃杯丟掉 。

My uncle living in Taichung is a doctor.(兩個字以上的現在分詞片語,後位修飾) 我有一位住在台中的叔叔是醫生。
Father bought a car made in Japan.(兩個字以上的過去分詞片語,後位修飾) 爸爸買了一輛日本製造的車。


2. In 2001, animated movies made more than US$755 million. (見第3行)
(1) make在此為「賺(錢)」的意思。
例:I make thirty thousand dollars per month. 我每個月賺三萬元。
(2) more than:超過 例:I have studied for more than four hours. 我已唸書超過四個小時了。
(3) US$755 million 唸作 seven hundred and fifty-five million U.S. dollars

3. In 2002, for the first time, an Oscar was given to the best animated movie of the year. (見第4行)
give在此意思為「把(獎賞)授與(某人)」 之意,為授與動詞。
 但因為大家都知道Oscar是由the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences所頒,可把它省略,所以變成 。

授與動詞的被動語態有兩種寫法
原主動為
The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences gave an Oscar to the best animated movie of the year.
被動一
An Oscar was given to the best animated movie of the year by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
被動二
The best animated movie of the year was given an Oscar by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.

4. More than 750 artists drew the pictures that were used to make it. (見第8行)
(1) “that were used to make it”是形容詞子句,修飾先行詞pictures。
(2) be used to 原形V:(某物)被用來……
例:This knife is used to cut bread. 這把刀是用來切麵包的。

【補充】 used to 原形V (過去習慣) vs. be/get used to V-ing  (現在漸漸習慣)
例:I used to get up early when I was a student.   當我(過去)還是學生時,我一向早起。   
       I am used to getting up early now.   我現在已漸漸習慣早起。

5. Now animated movies are made with computers. (見第9行)
with在此為「用」的意思。
例:You can open the door with this key. 你可以用這把鑰匙把門打開。

6. This method is a lot cheaper. (見第10行)
修飾形容詞或副詞原級的字:very、quite、so、pretty、rather、a little、too、enough。
修飾形容詞或副詞比較級的字:a lot、much、far、a little、rather、somewhat、still、even。

例:I felt very tired. 我覺得很疲倦。
       It was quite cold yesterday; it is even colder today. 昨天相當冷,今天甚至更冷。

【補充】 除 enough放在所要修飾字的後面外,其餘均放在前面。
例:Linda is old enough to get married.   琳達年紀大到可以結婚了。

7. That is why more animated movies are being made now. (見第11行)
(1) That is why S + V .... 那就是……的原因
例﹕The train delayed this morning. That is why I was late.  火車今天早上誤點,那就是為什麼我遲到的原因。
Birds have wings. That is why they can fly. 鳥有翅膀,那就是為什麼牠們能夠飛的原因。

(2) are being made為現在進行式的被動型態。
The walls are being painted by Kevin.   牆壁正由凱文在粉刷中。   
The letter is being typed by the secretary now.   那封信現在正由秘書在繕打中。

文中省略了「by + 動作的發起者」。一般而言,在被動語態中,若是不知誰是動作的發起者或是其在句中不重要,就不會被提起。
例:The book had been stolen (by someone).   這本書被(某人)偷了。   
       This car was not made in Taiwan.   這輛車不是台灣製的。

8. The same people who made Toy Story also made A Bug’s Life (1998) and Monsters, Inc. (2001). (見第14行)
who made Toy Story是形容詞子句用來修飾先行詞the same people。
【補充】 有些文法書會說若先行詞前有the same時,關係代名詞要用that,但其實在英文語法裡並無如此規定。

9. To make a great animated movie, good animation is necessary. (見第17行)
(1)To V ..., S + V .... 為了要……
例:To finish the project in time, the engineers worked day and night. 為了要及時把計畫完成,工程師日以繼夜地工作。

例:To lose some weight, Jean goes to the gym every day. 為了減肥,珍每天都上健身房。
        To win the gold medal, every player practices very hard. 為了贏得金牌,每位球員都很努力練習。

To V是用來表達目的,意思是「為了要……」(= In order to V),亦可把to V放在子句S+V的後面。

10. But so is a good story. (見第18行) = But a good story is necessary, too.
So + be/aux. + S. ……也是
例:I like flowers. So does Mary.  我喜歡花,瑪莉也是。
        Bob was absent yesterday. So was his sister. 鮑伯昨天缺席,他的妹妹也是。
        Karen has been to France. So have I.  凱倫去過法國,我也是。

此句型是一個倒裝句,接在肯定句之後。

 【補充】 若接在否定句之後,則句型為:Nor/Neither + be/aux. + S.(……也不)。
例:Tom doesn’t smoke. Nor do I. 湯姆不抽煙,我也不抽。
        Maria will not come. Neither will Linda. 瑪莉亞不會來,琳達也不會來。

11. It also had famous actors doing the voices of all the characters. (見第19行)
do someone’s voice 裝成某人的聲音,配音
例:Can you do a woman’s voice, Jack?   傑克,你可以裝成女人的聲音嗎?

doing the voices of all the characters是從形容詞子句who did the voices of all the characters簡化而來,此即課文重點分析第1點所說的後位修飾之分詞片語。

形容詞子句簡化成分詞片語的步驟為:
(1) 去掉作主格用的關係代名詞。
(2) 將關係子句中的動詞改為分詞。 主動:V-ing {被動:p.p.(也就是直接把be 動詞去掉) 例:Do you know the man who lives next door?   →Do you know the man living next door?   
       你認識住在隔壁的那個男人嗎?   
      They have a lovely daughter who is called Selina. →They have a lovely daughter called Selina.   
      他們有一個可愛的女兒叫做珊琳娜。

12. Computer animation is getting better all the time, so animated movies should keep getting better too!(見第26行)
 (1) 現在進行式可以用來談論「發展中或正在改變的情況」,即使是長期的情況也可以。
be getting +形容詞比較級  ……變得比較……
例:It is getting hotter. 天氣變得愈來愈熱。
I am worrying that I am getting fatter. 我很擔心愈來愈胖。

(2) so為對等連接詞,用來表示結果,意思為「所以,因此」。
(3) keep + V-ing 繼續…… 例:The little child kept crying. 那個小孩一直在哭。

2010年5月1日 星期六

B2L5 An Edible Camera 口服攝影機

課文重點分析

1. He became so ill that he had to go into the hospital eight times.(見第4行)
 (1) so ... that ... 如此……以致於……。此為表「因果」的句型之一。

例:It was so hot yesterday that we had to turn on the air conditioner and bought cold drinks.
        昨天天氣很熱,以致於我們必須開冷氣並買冷飲。
        These English questions were so easy that every student passed the exam.
        這些英文問題是如此地簡單,以致於每位學生都通過了考試。

 (2) go into the hospital 表示「住院;入院」;go to the hospital表示「去醫院」。

2. He had to stop playing sports and stop eating his favorite foods. (見第5行)
stop + V-ing 停止做某件事情
stop + to V 停下來去做某件事(to V表目的副詞,不是受詞)

3. The hardest part was not knowing what was wrong. (見第8行)
 (1)”not knowing what was wrong”為一名詞片語,是”The hardest part”的主詞補語,而”what was wrong”是”not knowing”的受詞。

例:One of my favorite pastimes is swimming. (swimming是主詞補語)
        我最喜歡的一項休閒活動是游泳。
        Boys usually hate doing house chores. (doing house chores是hate的受詞)
        男孩通常討厭做家事。

4. ..., Damien was given a new test. (見第10行)
 (1) 此句使用「被動語態」(Passive Voice) 的句型。
Damien was given a new test.(被動) → The doctor gave Damien a new test.(主動)

因為動作的執行者 (by the doctor) 前文已提,在此不需再多加說明,所以本句的執行者 (by the doctor) 被省略不提。

5. All he had to do was swallow a camera! (見第11行)

文法/句型
All (that) S has/have/had to do is/was + V ....

All Damien Barry had to do was swallow a camera! 
戴米恩.貝瑞所必須做的就是吞下一個照相機。
All you have to do is stay calm, relax, and smile. 
你所必須做的就是保持冷靜、放輕鬆和微笑。


此句型常譯為「某人必須做的是……」,常用來強調某種情況中,最必要去做的事情。

All後面的that是「關係代名詞」,因為是受格,”that”可省略不寫,且all that可以用what來代換。

 All that he had to do was swallow a camera!
= All he had to do was swallow a camera!
= What he had to do was swallow a camera!
= The only thing that he had to do was swallow a camera!
他必須做的就是吞下一個照相機。

例:What (= All that) Vincent has to do is fill out these forms.
       文生必須做的就是填寫這些表格。

6. This camera was 2.6 centimeters long---the same size as a large pill. (見第12行)
 (1) 2.6 centimeters long是「主詞補語」,用以說明camera的實際尺寸。

句型是用「數字+度量衡單位+長/寬/高形容詞」
3 kilometers long  (三公里長)
100 centimeters wide  (1公尺寬)
8 meters high  (八公尺高)
2000 meters deep  (二千公尺深)
ten years old  (十歲)

(2) 破折號 (dash),通常等於兩個連字號 (hyphen) 的長度,常做為插入語,可表示句意的短暫中斷,事物的列舉,或是同位語。就本句來分析,”the same size as a large pill”是同位語,清楚說明 “2.6 centimeters long”就是一般藥丸的大小。

【補充】 the same ... as ... 與……相同(表同一類東西)
 the same ... that ... 與……一樣(表同一件東西)
例:Can I reserve the same room that I did last year?
        我可以預訂我去年訂過的那一間房間嗎?
        Can I reserve the same room as I did last year?
        我可以預訂我去年訂過的那一類型的房間嗎?

7. ... because it can get to parts of the body that other tests can’t reach. (見第17行)

文法/句型
Because S + V, S + V... = S + V because S + V...
= S + V, so S + V...

This is a breakthrough because it can get to parts of the body.(本課句子)
Because Jill had so much homework to do, she was not allowed to watch TV.  
= Jill had so much homework to do, so she was not allowed to watch TV.
因為有很多的家庭作業要做,吉兒不能夠看電視。

【補充】 ”because + 子句”常可用”because of + 名詞”代換。
例:This brand of bag sells well because the price is reasonable.
= This brand of bag sells well because of its reasonable price.
這個品牌的皮包賣得很好,因為它的價格公道合理。
 I was late because there was a traffic jam.
= I was late because of the traffic jam.
因為交通阻塞,我遲到了。

 (2) that引導的形容詞子句 “other tests can’t reach”修飾先行詞”the body”

8. It is also much less uncomfortable than many other tests. (見第19行)
 (1) “uncomfortable”是由”comfortable”一字,加「否定」字首 (prefix) 的”un-“而成。
其它表示「否定」字首還有:”im-“、”in-“、”il-“、”ir-“、”dis-“等字。 ※ 有關”un-“其它例字,可參見本課應用字彙7.的補充。

(2) 中文要表達「較不……」,英文用”less”一字,可放在單音節或多音節的形容詞前,形成否定比較級的句型。
例:Judy is more diligent than Jim.   
= Jim is less diligent than Judy.
   茱蒂比吉姆更加勤奮。   
=吉姆比茱蒂較不勤奮。

 (3) 比較級要加強語氣,可在比較級形容詞前加上a lot, much, far, a little, rather, still, even等字。 例:My grandpa becomes much healthier than before.
        我的祖父變得比以前健康許多。
        Your PDA works even better than mine.
        你的PDA功能比我的好得多。
        His performance is far worse than before.
        他的表現比以前更糟得多。

9. Seven hours later Damien went back to the hospital, and the pictures were downloaded to a computer. (見第22行) 劃線部分使用「被動語態」(Passive Voice) 的句型。

The pictures were downloaded to a computer. (被動)
→ The doctor downloaded the pictures to a computer. (主動)
 因為動作的執行者 (by the doctor) 前文已提,在此不需再多加說明,所以本句的執行者 (by the doctor) 被省略不提。

10. The doctors now knew he needed surgery to cure his illness and to make him feel better. (見第26行)
(1) 劃線部分也可寫成: The doctors now knew (that) he needed .... 由”that”引導名詞子句,做為”knew”的受詞,因此”that”以省略。

(2)”make him feel better”中的”better”是受詞補語。

B1L5 Communication with Signs (標示也可通)

課文重點分析

1. He sat and watched the butterfly for several hours as it struggled to force its body through that little hole. (見第2行) as在此句中是連接詞的用法,意思是「當……的時候」,可用while來代替。 例:He dropped the dish as he stood up. 他起身時把盤子掉到地上了。 As he was riding a bicycle in the park, he hit a stone and fell off. 他在公園騎腳踏車時,撞上石頭跌倒了。


as當連接詞時,亦可表示「因為」或是「依照」。
例:He couldn’t go to the movies with his friends, as he had no money left.
        他無法跟朋友去看電影,因為他身上沒錢了。
        Do your homework as your teacher told you.
        照著老師交代的方式去做功課。

2. Then it seemed to stop making any progress. (見第4行) stop 後接不定詞與動名詞意思不同。後接動名詞表示停止以下動作;後接不定詞表示開始以下動作。

文法/句型
stop + V-ing
stop + to V

Please stop making noise. I need to get some sleep.
請不要再弄出聲音來,我需要睡覺。
After walking a long distance, he stopped to take a rest.
走了很長一段距離之後,他停下來休息。

【補充】 stop + 受詞 + from + 動名詞 「阻止……去做某事」。
例:The policeman stopped us from driving into the small alley.
那位警察不讓我們開車進入小巷弄裡。

3. It appeared as if it could not go any further. (見第5行)
as if 是一種假設用法,等於as though。若是假設現在的情況,時態用過去式;若是假設過去的情況,時態用過去完成式。

文法/句型
as if + 子句
He acts as if he were a movie star.
他的行動舉止好像是個電影明星。
It sounded as if she had been very ill.
聽起來好像她那時病得很嚴重似的。


5. In fact, the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling around with its swollen body and shriveled wings. (見第19行) 句中用到spend + time + V-ing

文法/句型
spend + time/money + V-ing

I spent three hours finishing my homework last night.
我昨天晚上花了三個小時做完功課。
My father spent NT$ 800,000 buying a new car.
我父親花了八十萬台幣買了一部新車。

另外,若要表示花時間∕金錢在某事物上,則要用 spend + time/money + on 的句型。

例1:The government should spend more money on education.   
         政府應該要在教育上多投入一些經費。
例2:Dr. Jones spent nearly fifteen years on this research.
   瓊斯博士花了將近十五年的時間在做這個研究。

6. Sometimes struggles are exactly what we need in our life. (見第27行)
由what所引導的名詞子句what we need in our life是主詞struggles的補語。

7. If God allowed us to go through our life without any obstacles, we would be crippled and would never be able to fly. (見第28行) 此句為假設用法,表示與現在情況不符的假設,時態用過去式;表示與過去情況不符的假設,時態用過去完成式。

文法/句型
If + S + p.t./were ..., S + would + V ....

If I knew the answer to the question, I would tell you.
如果我知道問題的答案,我會告訴你。
事實:I do not know the answer to the question, so I am not able to tell you.

2010年3月2日 星期二

如何使用Moodle上傳作業

步驟說明
1. 進去moodle了
2. 找到learning sheet
3. 按下去
4. 出現對話盒,再將學習單存在你的電腦
5. 寫(用英文打)完後
6. 你要在自己的電腦存檔
7. 再看以下course blog說明上傳方式
8. 可無限次數上傳,只是第二次上傳會蓋過第一次的




2010年2月25日 星期四

B2L1重點提醒

課文分析

1. Now they are all around the world. (見第16行)
all around到處;四處,一一
例:The fans follow the movie star all around.
  這些影迷到處地跟隨著這個電影明星。
  The candidate shook hands all around.
  這位候選人四處地跟人握手。

2. There are more than 450 laughter clubs just in India.(見第17行)
文中的more than指「超過」,「多過於」,也可用over替代;just則是「僅僅」之意,可用alone取代:There are over 450 laughter clubs in India alone.
例:Ted makes more than/over fifty thousand dollars a month.
  泰德的月薪有五萬多元。
  Her small apartment has just one bedroom.
  她的小公寓裡只有一間房間。

3. They laugh as a kind of exercise, and everyone feels better afterwards. (見第19行)
as (prep.) 作為;當作
例:This room can be used as a conference room.
  這間房間可以作為一間會議室。

4. Some people pay a lot of money to join a laughter club where they can just laugh.(見第21行)
文中由where所引導的關係子句為限定用法,修飾並限定先行詞laughter club。
例:Tom visited the village where his grandfather was born.
  湯姆參觀了他爺爺出生的那個村莊。
  This is the hotel where Archie and Jill spent their honeymoon.
  這家旅館就是亞契和吉兒度蜜月住的地方。

至於非限定子句的用法,則指子句的作用為補充說明,而非界定先行詞,前面需加逗號。
例:The farmer has an orchard, where he grows cherries.
  那位農夫有片果園,他在裡面種植櫻桃。
     My apartment has a balcony, where I dry my clothes.
  我的公寓有個陽台,我都在那裡晾衣服。

5. We may change the way we laugh in different situations. (見第25行)
we laugh in different situations為形容詞子句,修飾the way。

生字補充


1. giggle 咯咯笑;竊笑
grin 露齒而笑
smile 微笑
a belly laugh捧腹大笑
a silly/foolish laugh傻笑
laugh at嘲笑
laugh away以笑消除
laugh in one’s face當面嘲笑;公然藐視某人
laugh like an idiot像白痴一樣的笑
laugh oneself to death笑到要死
例:Don’t make me laugh!
  別讓我笑掉大牙!真是胡說八道。
  It’s good to have a belly laugh with your friends.
  和朋友一起開懷大笑是很棒的。

2. build muscle 塑造肌肉
Don’t move a muscle! 不要動!
muscular pain 肌肉疼痛
a muscular body 強壯的身體
muscular arms 強壯有力的臂膀

3. have bad breath 有口臭

breath test 酒測
hold one’s breath屏息;緊張地屏住呼吸

4. fold one’s arms across one’s chest 雙手放在胸前交叉
get ... off one’s chest 吐出(掛心的事);講出(心裡的話)

5. give/donate blood 捐血
blood pressure 血壓
high/low blood pressure 高/低血壓
blood test 驗血
Blood is thicker than water. 血濃於水。

7. You have good circulation. Your cheeks always look rosy.
你的血液循環很好,臉頰總是紅潤。
Blood circulates through the body.
血液在體內循環。

8. My pulse is beating fast.
我的脈搏跳得很快。
The rain was beating against (on) the wall.
雨打在牆上。

10. Her hair has natural curls.
她的頭髮自然捲。
I’m a lover of nature.
我是大自然的愛好者。
Habit is second nature.
習慣是第二天性。

12. relax for a while 輕鬆一下
relax one’s muscles 放鬆肌肉
feel relaxed 覺得輕鬆自在
a relaxed atmosphere 輕鬆的氣氛
a relaxing vacation 輕鬆的假期

13. improve greatly/significantly 大有改進;進步神速
improve slightly 稍有改進;稍有進步
show (an) improvement 顯現出進步

14. afterwards = afterward
soon afterwards 不久之後
two days afterwards 兩天後
one week afterwards 一週之後

Syllabus of English Reading (98-2)

Philosophy: I cannot do everything, but I can do something. I won’t refuse doing something that I can do.


學習目標 Objectives
1. 喜歡英語  To love learning English
2. 能使用日常英語:說、寫能力  To use English in daily life &  cultivate Reading ability

指定用書 Teaching Materials
1. Live ABC雜誌
2. 遠東英語第二冊Far East English Readers, B2
3. 講義 Handout

評分標準 Evaluation
1. 期中、期末考Exams 60%
2. 平時評量 40%
(1) 出席、參與率Class attendance and participation
(2) 作業 Assignments
(3) 測驗 Quizzes
(4) 網路作業 Online assignments

★ The more you put your hands on the textbooks, the more you will love to learn. The more you love to learn, the better you will perform.

Dates 主題/活動 Topics/Activities
W1-2 • L1: Laughter
W3 • L2: Cheerleaders
W4 • L3: Noah Webster
W5 • Online assignment
W6 • Questions and Answers
W7 學校第一次段考
W8• L4: The Lesson of the Cocoon
W9• L5: An Edible1 Camera
W10• L6: Toon Time
W11• Review
W12• Online assignment (learning sheet)
W13• Small talk
W14 第二次段考
W15 • L7: Umbrellas and Sea Salt
W16 • L8: Channel Tunnel
W17 • Online assignment (learning sheet)
W18 • Small talk
W19 • Review
W20 Final Exam